Neurology

Neurology is the branch of medicine that deals with disorders of the nervous system, which includes the brain, blood vessels, muscles, and nerves. The autonomic, central, and peripheral nervous systems are the three main areas of neurology. A neurologist is a physician who works in the field of neurology; a neurosurgeon is a surgeon who treats neurological disorders through surgery.

Neurological disorders frequently differ between infants, small children, and adults. Pediatric neurologists treat patients under the age of 18 who have neurological problems. Cerebral palsy, complex metabolic diseases, epilepsy, learning disabilities, and nerve and muscle diseases are among the disorders that affect the paediatric population.

A neurologist is a doctor who specialises in the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. Neurologists should first determine whether or not there is a problem with the nervous system. The patient’s medical history is reviewed, followed by a neurological exam that evaluates cranial nerve function, coordination, mental status, sensation, strength, and reflexes.

More tests may be needed to guide treatment once a diagnosis has been established. Tests such as computed axial tomography scanning, magnetic resonance imaging, electroencephalography, and electromyography are used to make a diagnosis.

Brain cancer, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord disorders, diseases of the muscles, peripheral nerves, and neuromuscular junctions are all examples of neurological disorders.

Neuro-oncology is a significant medical segment of neurology that deals with treating patients who have primary brain tumours, metastases, and neurologic complications of cancer.